Denia

DENIA CASTLE
 
C/ San Francisco s/n.

The most interesting points in this Castle are:

On both sides of the Entrance Portal: the TORRE ROJA (Red Tower, 15th century) and the TORRE DEL “COS DE GUARDIA” (Guard Force Tower, 12th century, renovated in the 16th and 17th centuries).

The PORTAL DE LA VILA (the Town Portal, the door to get into the castle), of an Almohad style (12th century), subsequently renovated. Outside we find Almohad-style pointed arches and inside, a vaulted arch (part of the original arch still survives).

The TORRE DEL CONSELL (Council Tower, 15th century). The Town Council met in this Tower.

The EXPLANADA DEL GOBERNADOR and the PALACIO DEL GOBERNADOR (the Governor's Esplanade and the Governor's Palace), where the Archaeological Museum is located.

The QUARTER DELS INFANTS (the Soldiers' Barracks), which was used as a warehouse or a house for a permanent defensive troop.

The PORTAL DEL BALUART (The Bastion Portal), with three arches dating from different periods and the TORRE DEL BALUART (the Bastion Tower), a very important bastion from a strategic point of view since it controlled the way to gain access to the palace (18th century).

The PUNTA DEL DIAMANT (Diamond Point), a defensive bastion that receives this name owing to the shape of the tower.

The ALJUB (15th century), a tank that was used to collect water.

The COBBLED PATH was the only way to get into the castle that allowed the use of wheels and it was considered as the main street. Its cobbled paving dates from the 14th century.

This castle is one of the elements defining the historical topography of the urban centre. Remains of houses and fortifications from the Roman Diannium have been discovered on its slopes.

Its design dates from the Islamic Period, between the 11th and the 12th centuries. Since then, its architecture reflects different alterations. For example those of the Almohad period, the building of the Red Tower and the Council Tower in the 15th century, the bastions and other Renaissance defensive systems, as well as the rebuilding of the Governor's Palace in the 16th and 17th centuries sponsored by the Duke of Lerma, Marquis of Denia.

The palace and the Vila Vella (Old Town) were destroyed during the Succession War and the military output was abandoned in the year 1859. These facts define the history of the last centuries.

Nowadays, the Castle is an emblematic heritage site, where some restoration and preservation works are carried out, as well as innovative spreading proposals.

 

 

ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM
 
In the Governor's Palace, in the Castle of Denia.
 
The Archaeological Museum of Denia guides us through the history of the town from the beginning of its urban adventure, two thousand years ago. Its history and archaeology are related to the activity in the port and to the fact that Denia is a mainly commercial town, with ships all over the Mediterranean Sea. Civitas Stipendiaria and then Municipium during the Classical times, cultured and opulent Taifa Kingdom during the 11th century, Denia, with the Christian conquest, head of the county and later of the Marquisate, was a good example of a modern town until it succumbed during the Succession War (c.1708). The balsam container representing the God Mercury (2nd century AD), the collection of Islamic bronzes (many of them have an Oriental origin, 11th and 12th centuries), the ataifor with an illustration of an Andalusian ship coming from Qayrawân, the Tresor de Les Rotes (Treasure of Les Rotes, 14th century), the numismatic collection or the locally-produced or imported Andalusian pottery are the basis for a museographic proposal, always attached to the sea and the relationships between cultures.

 

ETHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM
 
Cavellers, s/n.
 

This museum exhibits an interesting collection of the luxury clothes and accessories of the period bourgeoisie, including working clothes and tools. Likewise, we find clear examples of the urban, commercial and social development of Denia.

The goal of the Ethnological Museum is to disseminate the history of Denia during the 19th century, when this town lived a special and splendorous growth thanks to the raisin trade. Raisin, as the economic driving force of Denia, caused a great urban development and created a cultural atmosphere and a consolidated bourgeois society that enjoyed that period innovations, as for example the train and the gas, among others. Vineyard cultivation, the raisin production process, the importance of the port and the warehouses, the fluctuations and the zenith of its trade to England, Northern Europe and America are the subjects of this museographic proposal. Graphic pictures, arts and other artistic expressions, as for example the building itself, portray a long gone city and customs that, however, still live in our memory.

 

 

TOY MUSEUM
 
C/ Calderón
 
This permanent exhibition opened to the public in the month of May 1999. It exhibits toy production in Denia from its beginning (1904) to the 1960s.

The first toy company in Denia, in the year 1904, only manufactured lithographed tinplate toys, with machinery and models imported from Germany.

Ten years later, there was a factory producing wooden toys, nicely-shaped and varnished, with exquisite finishes and decorated with metallic accessories.

in the 1920s, in competition with metallic toys, a wooden toy production arose, which as time went by became the most characteristic toy industry in Denia.

Toys in the 1950s were, par excellence, wooden toys. Although there was still a thriving production of tricycles, bicycles, pedal cars or scooters, which had already started in the first decades of the century and despite the luxury production of pedal cars, planes and metallic covered traps, wood (and the colours used to paint it) is the most emblematic material and became really popular during those years.

Among the most outstanding toys we find sail boats, horse or donkey carriages, lorries, etc. Wooden kitchens, bowl games, ring games or forts with cowboys and Indians evidence the richness and variety of wooden toys in Denia.

 

THE ASSUMPTION CHURCH
 

Measured Baroque style (18th century).

It rises on the spot where the old San Roque Chapel, the hospital and some houses were located. It was seriously damaged during the Spanish Independence War and it was rebuilt in 1939.

It has a Latin cross plan inscribed in a rectangle. Outside, we find a venerated niche placed on top of the door of the Roser Chapel, which shows an image of San Roc, in a modern style. Inside the church, the images of the Virgin -a polychrome image of the Assumption- and, on both sides, the saints Vicente Ferrer and Vicente Martyr, the two patron saints of Valencia, stand out.

 

 


 

SAN ANTONIO CHURCH
 
 

Its current state is due to the remodelling carried out in the 18th century.

It belongs to an architectural collection including the Convent of Saint Anthony of Padua, a Franciscan foundation from the 16th century, which was erected some years later (first half of the 17th century) and the 17th century Square. This collection was seriously damaged both in the Succession and the Spanish Independence War and the Civil War.

It has a Dorian order façade with a venerated niche containing a modern image of Saint Anthony of Padua. This Church shows a Latin cross plan inscribed in a rectangle, with a nave and 8 aisle chapels. The elevation is set with Dorian order pilasters on pedestals. Inside, we find a great enamelled cross with Bible illustrations standing out in the high altar.

 

 

 

CONVENT AND CHURCH OF NUESTRA SEÑORA DE LORETO OR LES AGUSTINES
 
 

The Convent is a foundation of discalced Augustinian cloistered nuns (1604), although it was recently abandoned.

When the Church was inaugurated, Denia was a Marquisate and the Marquis de Denia was Mr. Francisco Sandoval y Rojas, also Duke of Lerma and a favourite of the king Phillip III. The convent was inaugurated in presence of the king Phillip III, the Duke of Lerma and other outstanding personalities of the nobility, the clergy, etc.

The architectural collection is made up of: the Church, the cloister and the cloister's southern wing.

You can gain access to the small church, which was built later (1691) when the religious services are being held.

The exterior is austere and measured. Only two façades break its monotony. The main façade is at the San Narciso Street and the side façade is at the Loreto Street. It has a Latin cross plan inscribed in a rectangle with chapels that are not connected with each other and a wide transept with a dome over pendentives. It is covered with a barrel vault with lunettes and the chapels have a truncated dome. The elevation consists in Dorian pilasters, which were rebuilt after 1939.

In the high altar, we find the Santisima Sangre (the Holy Blood) retable. There is also a contemporary image of the Virgen de los Dolores (the Virgin of Sorrows), carved in melis wood at the beginning of the year 1941.

 

 

 

SAN MATTHEW APOSTLE CHURCH
 
 

This Church is the first public building of La Xara. Its construction began in the year 1877 and ended 5 years later, in the year 1881.

The building mainly consists in exterior load-bearing walls with calcareous stones joined with mortar. Inside, the space is divided into three naves, which are separated by sandstone pillars, forming a series of beautiful arches that support the two-sided cover. Outside, at the Pilars Street, four buttresses point out and defend the lines of the pillars.

In the year 1902, the building of the abbey was finished. This abbey has a portal and very interesting windows, one of the best works of the master stonemasons. Subsequently, the bell tower is carried out and inaugurated in the year 1927.

In the 1950s, the church underwent some alterations and became as it looks nowadays. The altar was finished in the year 1955, the roof was changed and it was discovered that the pillars and arches, which were whitewashed, were made out of sandstone and so, lime is removed in order to show the beauty of the tuff stone.

 

 


 

SAINT LUCY HERMITAGE
 
It is located in the district of Santa Lucia (Saint Lucy) and can be reached by the Saint Lucy path or by a detour of the Les Rotes Road.

It belongs to a collection of Gothic religious buildings with the topology of the so-called "Conquest" constructions (15th century).

The building has a single nave with a rectangular plan. The interior space is divided into two sections by a central pointed arch.

The façade shows a masonry access portal with a half pointed arch, a masonry corner reinforced with a base, as well as a belfry, which was subsequently built.

The interior of the hermitage is quite renovated.

The image of Saint Lucy is quite recent.

As regards the most ancient furniture, we must mention a chalice dating from the second half of the 17th century, which has an image of Saint Lucy in its base. It is usually closed, except on Saint Lucy's Day (December 13th), when there is a procession to the hermitage, religious services, etc.

 

 

 

SAINT JOHN HERMITAGE
 

It is the most important of the "Conquest" hermitages located in the town of Denia.

The Gothic hermitage itself is the central body of the current building. It has a single nave with a rectangular plan and a two-sided cover supported by two Gothic-style pointed arches.

The entrance portal is made up of a half pointed arch and the main façade is crowned by a belfry.

The hermit's house is now used as a sacristy. It is attached to the original building and results from an alteration of the primitive hermitage.

Tipologically, it is included in the group of "Conquest" hermitages, which were built from the 13th to the 15th centuries, and even the 16th century, which don't affect the original structure but add elements that define and enhance it.


 

ERMITA DE SANTA PAULA
 
 

It is located in the west of Denia, one kilometre and a half away from the town and gives name to the district where it is located.

This hermitage model belongs to the collection called the "Conquest" hermitages, with one single nave and ogival arches, a model that lasted until the 16th century and disappeared with the arrival of the Renaissance. The model is slightly different from the examples of the 12th century, so he may date it, in the absence of more detailed information, towards the first half of the century.

The building has a single nave and a rectangular plan, slightly out of shape. Inside, two almost half pointed arches divide the plan in three sections. A bench annexed to the walls rounds around the hermitage.

 


 

FATHER PERE HERMITAGE AND SMALL HOUSE
 
 

It is linked to the life and works of the venerable citizen of Denia, Brother Pedro Esteve (1583-1658).

According to the tradition in Denia, which has never been denied, this is Father Pere's small house and so, the venerable Brother Pedre Esteve used it for some time as a shelter. The house is a vaulted hut, so small that you have to bend down to get into it.

Next to it, the Hermitage built in the 20th century is located. Inside, we will find illustrations (in the pottery) of the life and works of Brother Pedro Esteve.  

 


 

JESUS POBRE (Poor Jesus) HERMITAGE
 
 

It includes 2 buildings: the Convent (18th century) and the church (17th century), both built on different dates. The first is a private property. Outside, the two buildings create an homogeneous effect.

The church has a rectangular plan, with a single nave in four sections, a barrel vault and aisle chapels that are not connected with each other. The last section is the high chapel. The inside elevation is made up of Dorian pilasters with all the capitals in the same model.

The high chapel (last quarter of the 17th century) was carried out after the nave of the Church and has a style completely different than the rest of the temple. The high presbytery is conceived as an alcove rather than a chapel, and was used to keep the Jesus Pobre sculpture.

As regards the ancient sculptures, we only know the Jesus Pobre image by a photograph. it is a sculpture showing, in small size, a "recumbent Christ" belonging to the 18th century.

 

The current sculpture, made out of polychrome wood and in small size, was sculpted several years ago following the tradition.

 

The name of the municipal district has its origin in the discovery by Father Pere (Brother Pedro Esteve) of this figure of Jesus lying in the sepulchre to which, from that very same day, he devoted an altar in the cave where he lived. Father Pere named it "Jesus Pobre" (Poor Jesus).

 

 


TOWN HALL
 

The balance of its façade with six solid half pointed arches and the large windows on the two upper floors stand out.

 Two Roman inscriptions from the forum of Dianium can be read on the façade and the stairs to gain access to the Hospital Street.

 

LES DRASSANES (THE OLD SHIPYARDS)
 
 

We must pay special attention to the exterior of the building, since the interior has been now changed and is used as a private hotel.  

It is an old building where ships were built. It dates from the 16th century and underwent an alteration in the 18th century.

Characteristics of the building:

The building has a rectangular plan and a two-sided Arabic tiled roof.

 

 

L´ALMADRAVA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
 

The excavated area of the L'Almadrava archaeological site belongs to a part of a Roman country house, to a pottery to be precise. Although part of a building with the characteristics of a stately house has been found out, most of the visible rooms describe a pottery and allow us to see, apart from the working and housing rooms for the workers (usually slaves), wide porches for the drying of the pieces, wells to extract the required water and ovens to bake. This pottery manufactured tiles and amphoras.

The amphoras usually contained wine, oil or salted meats and fish that, together with cereals, meant the 90 % of the marketed products. They were used as containers designed for sea transport and disposable since, once they entered port and their contents were decanted, they were thrown away.

 

 

 

GERRO TOWER
 

 

 

 

A Renaissance watchtower, which was a part of the coastal defensive system developed during the 16th and the 17th centuries to defend the coast from the Berber pirates.

Historical documents state there were three towers in the current park, but only the Gerro Tower, a Renaissance (16th century) fortification, still survives. It is one of the most outstanding buildings all along the coast. It has a circular plan and is shaped as a truncated cone divided into 2 sections. On its walls, Charles V's coat-of-arms stands out, over which three corbels rest.

Its name comes from its interesting shape as a “gerro” or “pitxer” (jug).

 

 

 

PATRON SAINT'S FESTIVALS IN HONOUR OF THE SANTISIMA SANGRE (Holy Blood)
 

The Holy Blood's Day is always celebrated the second Wednesday after Saint Peter's Day, seven days in July when the main festivals of the city are held in commemoration of the end of an epidemic in 1633. According to the tradition, Father Pere cured the people from Denia by sharing out holy bread among sick people.

A mass is held and holy, bread is shared out and a procession takes place with authorities in the evening on the Holy Blood's Day. We must stand out the "Bous a la Mar", declared of National Tourist Interest. The spectacle is held in a mobile bullring located in the port. There are two sessions a day, one in the morning that is free and another one in the afternoon. This bullfighting festival starts trying to make the bull fall into the water.

It is also important the float parade, in which all the commissions participating in the "Fallas", the Festival Queen and her Court march past. It is worth mentioning that floats are handcrafted and made by hand by the members of these commissions. It is a bright and colourful parade. Likewise, during this week concerts, open-air dances, activities for children, sports competitions are held, and finally, a firework display is lit in the northern breakwater.

 

 

EL MONTGÓ NATURAL RESERVE
 

 

 

It is in the northwest of Denia. It is 758 metres high and covers a surface of 2,150 hectares, so it is the second top in the Mediterranean with regard to its proximity to the sea.

It was declared Natural Reserve on March 16th 1987 thanks to its landscape, flora and fauna. It includes the towns of Javea-Xàbia and Dénia. The slope corresponding to Javea shows cliffs in which we find several caves that were used by ancient settlers as a shelter.

The numerous archaeological remains together with its huge biological richness have determined the protection of this space.

There is a path leading to the Cova del Montgo (El Montgo Cave), from which you can see the Sant Bertomeu Valley and the close mountains.

El Montgó links up with Les Planes Plain, which goes down to the San Antonio Cape. In clear days, we can even see from the top the Balearic Islands in the horizon. The park houses more than 600 vegetable species. Among them, we should mention the kermes oaks, the red lavender, the maritime fennel, the Valencian rock violet, the rock scabious, the black sabine or the palmetto.

As regards fauna, there are birds such as the yellow legged seagull or the Audouin seagull, several corvines and birds of prey (the partridge eagle, a couple of royal owls, the popular kestrel and the pilgrim falcon), reptiles, amphibians and mammals such as the dormouse, the rabbit, the badger, the genet, etc.

 

Go along the short distance trails or the green route. All these routes are signposted and range from low to medium difficulty.

 

Discover caves as the "Cova de l'Aigua" (the Water Cave) and the "Cova del Camell" (the Camel Cave), reach El Montgo top, where you will be impressed by the view, feel nature around you with the sea behind.

 

SAN ANTONIO CAPE MARINE RESERVE
 

 

 

You will find coral colonies, scyaphila algae, sandstone rodophytes, posydonia prairies and scuba dive in caves and crevasses such as the famous Cova Talla, and even take pictures of sponges, sea lobsters, groupers, marays, sparids, serranids, corvas, sargos or salpas: a great number of possible routes in the same natural enclave.

The Marine Reserve is a restricted use area, where sailing at a maximum speed of 3 knots is allowed, although it is forbidden to anchor ships, sport and professional fishing, collect sea organisms and water sports with motor boats.

Scuba diving within the Marine Reserve is controlled and limited and it is neccessary to obtain a previous licence you can ask for directly in the Denia Tourist Office.

The Marine Reserve is located between the most eastern point of the San Antonio Cape and the meridian 00º08,10’E, which crosses the San Nicolas Point. In other words, it includes all the rocky coves and the San Antonio Cape up to the most eastern point of this Cape.